Awesome Semantic Web

A curated list of various semantic web and linked data resources.

To add something to the list please either submit a pull request or add a comment with a link to issues/awesomelets. Pull requests will be evaluated immediately for inclusion while awesomelets will be evaluated at some indeterminate time in the future.

Looking for something but can't find it? Add it to the "Does it exist" list and we'll keep an eye out for it. If it's a good idea maybe someone will come along and create it!

Contents

• Standards
• Serialization
• Datatypes
• Companies
• Industry
• Government
• Research Institutions
• Academic Journals
• Databases
• SPARQL
  • Streaming
  • Federated
  • Applications
  • Benchmarks
• GraphQL
• Linked Data Fragments
• Linked Data Platform
• Ecosystem
• Knowledge Graph Management
• Web Annotations
• Mapping
• Ontologies
• Ontology Development
• Reasoners
• Books
• Programming
  • C
  • C#
  • Clojure
  • Elixir
  • Go
  • Groovy
  • Haskell
  • Java
  • JavaScript
  • Kotlin
  • ObjectiveC
  • OCaml
  • Perl
  • PHP
  • Prolog
  • Python
  • R
  • Ruby
  • Rust
  • Scala
  • Swift
• Editors
• Geo
• Visualization
• Data Cube
• Datasets
• IoT
• DevOps
• Platforms
• Tools
• Integrations
• Machine Learning
• Linked Data
• CSVW
• WebID
• SHACL Implementations
• SKOS Tools
• NLP
• IIIF
• Other Awesome
• Misc

Standards

• XSD Datatypes

RDF

• RDF 1.1 Primer
• RDF 1.1 Semantics
• RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax
• RDF 1.1: On Semantics of RDF Datasets
• RDF Dataset Canonocalization Unofficial Draft

RDFS

• RDF Schema 1.1

OWL

• OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Document Overview
• OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Primer
• manchester
• manchester-syntax-owl

SHACL

• SHACL Shapes Constraint Language
• SHACL Advanced Features
• SHACL JavaScript Extensions
• SHACL Test Suite and Implementation Report

ShEx

• ShEx - Shape Expressions

SPARQL

• SPARQL 1.1 Overview
• SPARQL 1.1 Query Language
• SPARQL 1.1 Update
• SPARQL 1.1 Service Description
• SPARQL 1.1 Federated Query
• SPARQL 1.1 Query Results JSON Format
• SPARQL 1.1 Query Results CSV and TSV Formats
• SPARQL 1.1 Query Results XML Format (Second Edition)
• SPARQL 1.1 Entailment Regimes
• SPARQL 1.1 Protocol
• SPARQL 1.1 Graph Store HTTP Protocol

R2RML

• R2RML: RDB to RDF Mapping Language

RDFa

• XHTML+RDFa 1.1 - Third Edition
• RDFa Lite 1.1 - Second Edition
• HTML+RDFa 1.1 - Second Edition

Tabular

• CSV on the Web: A Primer
• Model for Tabular Data and Metadata on the Web
• Metadata Vocabulary for Tabular Data
• Generating JSON from Tabular Data on the Web
• Generating RDF from Tabular Data on the Web
• CSV on the Web: Use Cases and Requirements
• Embedding Tabular Metadata in HTML

Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration (OSLC)

• open-services.net

Web Annotation Data Model

• Web Annotation Data Model
• Web Annotation Vocabulary
• Web Annotation Protocol

Linked Data Notifications

• Linked Data Notifications

Linked Data Platform

• Linked Data Platform 1.0 Primer
• Linked Data Platform Best Practices and Guidelines
• Linked Data Platform 1.0
• Linked Data Platform 1.0 Test Cases

Linked Data Templates

• Linked Data Templates

Linked Data Fragments (LDF)

• Linked Data Fragments

Data Cube extensions

• QB4ST: RDF Data Cube extensions for spatio-temporal components

Serialization

Format	Description	Mime-type
Turtle	Terse RDF Triple Language.	text/turtle, application/x-turtle
TriG	Plain text format for serializing named graphs and RDF Datasets.	application/trig, application/x-trig
JSON-LD	JSON-based Serialization for Linked Data.	application/ld+json
RDF/JSON	RDF 1.1 JSON Alternate Serialization.	application/rdf+json
N-Triples	Line-based syntax for RDF datasets.	application/n-triples
N-Quads	Line-based syntax for RDF datasets.	application/n-quads, text/x-nquads, text/nquads
Notation3	Notation3 (N3): A readable RDF syntax.	text/n3, text/rdf+n3
RDF/XML	RDF/XML Syntax Specification.	application/rdf+xml, application/xml
TriX	RDF Triples in XML.	application/trix
HDT	Binary RDF Representation for Publication and Exchange.	application/x-binary-rdf
aREF	Another RDF Encoding Form.
RDF/POST	RDF/POST Encoding for RDF.	application/rdf+x-www-form-urlencoded
YARRML	YARRRML is a human readable text-based representation for declarative generation rules. It is a subset of [YAML], a widely used data serialization language designed to be
hextuples	NDJSON serialization

Datatypes

• CDT
• QUDT
• RDF Datatyping - This document summarizes the common understanding of the RDF Core Working Group (further referred to as WG) with regards to the theoretical foundation for datatyping of literal values and serves as a basis of definition, discussion, and comparison of all proposed schemes for achieving a complete datatyping solution which are to be considered by the WG.

Companies

Companies or businesses selling products with a primary focus on semantic web technology

• Stardog Union - Knowledge Graph Platform for the Enterprise.
• Epimorphics
• Franz
• PoolParty
• Cambridge Semantics
• Oxford Semantic Technologies
• Capsenta
• Zazuko
• MarkLogic
• Oracle
• OntoText
• TopQuadrant
• OpenLinkSoftware
• Cognitum
• entryscape
• inova8
• in4mium
• Xylem Technologies
• Synaptica
• Ontola
• eccenca Corporate Memory - build, explore and consume Knowledge Graphs
• Semantic Arts - Enterprise information systems based on flexible data structures and deep semantics.
• Same4
• Derivo
• Swirrl - Linked-data publishing for Government organisations
• SURROUND Australia - Semantic Web consulting and enterprise semantics platform provision
• AtomGraph - Free your data from silos
• Ontopic - Create Knowledge Graphs from databases and datalakes. Core contributors to Ontop and experts in virtualization.
• iNovex - Web-based, collaborative ontology and vocabulary editor, and knowledge graph solution platform.

Industry

Companies or businesses using semantic web technologies

• Optum - Health related, known to use semantic graphs (marklogic).
• DarkLight - DarkLight is an Artificial Intelligence Expert System for Active Cyber Defense and Trusted Information Sharing.
• Volkswagen UK
• Siemens
• IBM
• Elsevier - Global information analytics business that helps institutions and professionals advance healthcare, open science and improve performance for the benefit of humanity
• BestBuy
• Google
• Facebook
• BBC
• NASA
• K Health - Self diagnosing app.
• Schneider Electric
• Osthus
• DataLanguage
• Eccenca
• Perfect Memory - DAM-as-a-Brain, a Platform that collects, interprets and makes any data and content actionable.
• Field 33 - Platform to build digital twins of organizations.

Government

• Australian Government Linked Data Working Group - Australian government's community of practice for Linked Data & Semantic Web
• W3C's Gov enrment Linked Data Working Group archived wiki - "Developing standards which help governments publish their data as effective and usable Linked Data, using Semantic Web technologies"

Research Institutions

• The Smart Data Analytics (SDA) - Research group, Institute for Computer Science at the University of Bonn, the Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems (IAIS) and the Institute for Applied Computer Science Leipzig.
• Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - The Research Group Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) is hosted by the Chair of Business Information Systems (BIS) of the Institute of Computer Science (IfI) / University of Leipzig as well as the Institute for Applied Informatics (InfAI).
• University of Zurich Dynamic and Distributed Information Systems Group
• WESO - WESO is a research group at the University of Oviedo founded in 2004.
• [Max Planck Institute for